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Lebanese Code of Commerce Tag

Home / Posts tagged "Lebanese Code of Commerce"
Practical Guide to Lebanese Commercial Law
June 20, 2026

Commercial Representation and Exclusive Agency in Lebanon: What Changed After the 2022 Competition Law

Commercial representation in Lebanon is governed by Legislative Decree No. 34 of 5 August 1967, which defines the commercial representative and the sole distributor, sets the form of the contract and the exclusivity clause, affirms the representative's independence, and provides the indemnity owed on termination. Competition Law No. 281 of 15 March 2022 then made a material change to this regime: an exclusivity clause no longer binds third parties even when registered, parallel imports are now lawful, and the old...

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by Malek Kallas
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Practical Guide to Lebanese Commercial Law
May 16, 2026

The Limited Liability Company in Lebanese Law

A detailed exposition of the Limited Liability Company (SARL) regime in Lebanon under Legislative Decree No. 35 of 5/8/1967 — the concept and distinctive features, incorporation, capital parts and disposal, management, assemblies, capital increase and reduction, auditor, profits and dissolution, conversion to SAL, and criminal sanctions, with full coverage of the Law No. 126/2019 reform of 24 of the 35 articles (single-partner SARL, three-tier preemption ladder, five-year prescription on manager liability)....

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by Malek Kallas
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Practical Guide to Lebanese Commercial Law
May 16, 2026

Offshore Companies in Lebanese Law

A detailed exposition of the Lebanese Offshore Companies regime under Legislative Decree No. 46 of 24/6/1983 — the ten permitted activities, the prohibitions, the ten statutory carve-outs from the SAL regime (including the sole shareholder post-2008), the tax regime (full income-tax exemption plus an LBP 50 million annual lump-sum tax), with a chronology of the six amendments (1991, 1995, 2000, 2008, 2018, 2022)....

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by Malek Kallas
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Practical Guide to Lebanese Commercial Law
May 16, 2026

Holding Companies in Lebanese Law

A detailed explanation of the Holding company regime in Lebanon under Legislative Decree No. 45 of 24/6/1983 — designation, exclusive object (5 categories), concentration cap, the seven carve-outs from the SAL regime, tax regime (exemption + LBP 50 million fixed annual tax), penalty for breach of object, and amendment chronology (1991, 1995, 2006, 2022) under Budget Laws and dedicated amendment statutes....

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by Malek Kallas
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Practical Guide to Lebanese Commercial Law
May 16, 2026

Comparative Table of Principal Features: SAL, Holding, Offshore, and SARL Companies under Lebanese Law

Comprehensive comparative table of the four principal Lebanese commercial company forms — SAL (Société Anonyme Libanaise), Holding Company, Offshore Company, and SARL (Société à Responsabilité Limitée) — covering incorporation, partners and shareholders, management, statutory audit, accounting and publication, tax regime, and other obligations. Includes Law 126/2019 and the 2022 Annual Budget Law amendments....

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by Malek Kallas
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Practical Guide to Lebanese Commercial Law
March 15, 2025

Understanding the New Financial Violations in Lebanese Commercial Law

  Introduction In recent years, Lebanese commercial law has undergone significant changes to address emerging financial crimes. The new Lebanese Commercial Law No. 126, dated March 29, 2019, introduces several provisions aimed at safeguarding companies from malicious activities. This blog post will delve into two key financial crimes outlined in the law: intentional harm to the company and concealment of the company's true financial status. Intentional Harm to the Company Article 253 (1) of the new law establishes penalties for individuals who intentionally damage...

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by Malek Kallas
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